Math module provide many useful mathematical functions which makes our life really easy. This module is always available as a part of python standard library.
Math Number-theoretic and Representation Functions
These function is used to control the representation of mathematical numbers in python.
| ceil() | floor() | gcd() | isnan() |
| copysign() | fmod() | isclose() | ldexp() |
| fabs() | frexp() | isfinite() | modf() |
| factorial() | fsum() | isinf() | trunc() |
Math Power and Logarithmic Functions
These function is useful for finding log and power of given numbers.
| exp() | log() | log2() | pow() |
| expm1() | log1p() | log10() | sqrt() |
Math Trigonometric Functions
These functions are used to solve the trigonometric problems such as sine, cosine, etc.
| acos() | atan() | cos() | sin() |
| asin() | atan2() | hypot() | tan() |
Math Angular Conversion Functions
Angular function is used to convert degree into radian and radian into degree.
| degrees() | radians() |
Math Hyperbolic Functions
These mathematical function is used to find hyperbolic of sine, cosine, tan, etc.
| acosh() | atanh() | sinh() |
| asinh() | cosh() | tanh() |
Math Special Functions
These are some special functions.
| erf() | erfc() | gamma() | lgamma() |
Math Constants
These are the constant values exist in python math module.
| pi | tau | nan |
| e | inf |
Please click on any function name for more detail, examples and code snippets.
Number-theoretic and Representation Functions
| Function Name | Function Description |
| ceil(x) | Return ceiling value (round up to the nearest integer) of numeric expression n. The return value is not less than n, instead, it is equal to or greater than n. |
| copysign(x, y) | Return a float value which is consist of the absolute value or the magnitude of the parameter x and the sign of parameter y. |
| fabs(x) | Return an absolute or positive value. |
| factorial(x) | Return an integer value after calculating the factorial. |
| floor(x) | Return the largest integer (2.x) / float (3.x) not greater than given value x. |
| fmod(x, y) | Return a floating point number value after calculating module of given parameters x and y. |
| frexp(x) | Returns mantissa and exponent as a pair (m, e) value of a given number x. |
| fsum(iterable) | Returns an accurate sum of any iterable as a floating point number. |
| gcd(a, b) | Return an absolute/positive integer value after calculating the GCD of given parameters x and y. |
| isclose(a, b, *, rel_tol=1e-09, abs_tol=0.0) | If a and b are close to each other then this function return true otherwise false. |
| isfinite(x) | Return either True or False. |
| isinf(x) | Return either True or False. |
| isnan(x) | Return either True or False. |
| ldexp(x, i) | Return the value of x * (2**i). |
| modf(x) | Return the fractional and integer part of x which have the same signs as x and also integer part will return a float value. |
| trunc(x) | Return a real value x truncated to an Integral which is most likely an integer. |
Power and Logarithmic Functions
| Function Name | Function Description |
| exp(x) | Returns a floating point number after calculating the expression e**x. |
| expm1(x) | Return e**x - 1. |
| log(x[, base]) | Return the logarithm of x for the given base. |
| log1p(x) | Return the natural logarithm of 1+x (base e). |
| log2(x) | Return base 2 logarithm of x which is the input value. |
| log10(x) | Return base 10 logarithm of given input (x – parameter). |
| pow(x, y) | Return the value of x raised to the power y. |
| sqrt(x) | Return an integer or a floating point number after calculating square root. The return value will always be greater thanzero. |
Trigonometric Functions
| Function Name | Function Description |
| acos(x) | Return the inverse of cosine in radians. |
| asin(x) | Return a floating point number which is the inverse of sine in radians. |
| atan(x) | Return the the inverse of tan in radians. |
| atan2(y, x) | Return atan(y / x) in radians. |
| cos(x) | Return the cosine in radians. |
| hypot(x, y) | Return the vector length from origin point to the point (x, y). Euclidean norm which is sqrt(x*x + y*y). |
| sin(x) | Return the sine in radians. |
| tan(x) | Return the tangent in radians. |
Angular Conversion
| Function Name | Function Description |
| degrees(x) | Converts radians to degrees. |
| radians(x) | Converts degrees into radians. |
Hyperbolic Functions
| Function Name | Function Description |
| acosh(x) | Return inverse hyperbolic cosine. |
| asinh(x) | Return inverse hyperbolic sine. |
| atanh(x) | Return inverse hyperbolic tangent. |
| cosh(x) | Return hyperbolic cosine. |
| sinh(x) | Return hyperbolic sine. |
| tanh(x) | Return hyperbolic tan. |
Special Functions
| Function Name | Function Description |
| erf(x) | Return the error function for the given value. This function is new in python 3.2 version. |
| erfc(x) | Return the complementary error function for the given value. This function is new in python 3.2 version. |
| gamma(x) | Return the gamma function for given input. This function is new in python 3.2 version. |
| lgamma(x) | Return the natural logarithm of absolute value of gamma function for given input. This function is new in python 3.2 version. |
Constants
| Function Name | Function Description |
| math.pi | Pi (π) is equal to the value 3.141592…, to the available precision. |
| math.e | e is equal to the value 2.718281…, to the available precision. |
| math.tau | tau (τ) is equal to the value 6.283185…, to the available precision. Its the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its radius. This constant is new in python 3.6 version. |
| math.inf | inf is equal to the positive infinity in floating points and for negative infinity we use -math.inf. This constant is new in python 3.5 version. |
| math.nan | nan represents not a number value(NaN).This constant is new in python 3.5 version. |
